Rent Control in Portland, Maine

Last updated: 2026-01-28

A comprehensive guide to Portland's rent control ordinance, including CPI-based rent caps and exemptions.

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Key Takeaways

  • Coverage: Most rental units; buildings built after April 2020 exempt
  • Rent Cap: 100% of CPI (no additional percentage)
  • Notice Required: 45 days written notice required (Maine state law)
  • Registration: Landlords must register units with the city

Overview of Portland Rent Control

The City of Portland, Maine has a rent control ordinance that limits how much landlords can raise rents each year. The ordinance was enacted in November 2020 after a citizens' referendum and is administered by the Portland Housing Safety Office.

The ordinance limits rent increases on most rental units to 100% of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) rate each year. This means rent increases are tied to inflation, typically resulting in increases of 2-3% annually.

Who Is Covered?

Portland's rent control ordinance applies to most residential rental units in the city. Exemptions include:

  • New construction – Buildings constructed after April 2020 are exempt
  • Previously subsidized units – Units that previously received subsidies and are no longer restricted
  • Small owner-occupied buildings – Owner-occupied buildings with 4 or fewer units
  • Hotels, inns, and boarding houses

Rent Increase Limits

The rent cap is 100% of CPI - if CPI is 3.8%, landlords can raise rent by up to 3.8%.

Landlords must provide 45 days' written notice before any rent increase (Maine state law).

Registration and Compliance

Landlords must register their rental units with the city and certify their compliance with the rent cap each year. Failure to register or violating the cap may result in penalties of $50 to $500 per violation.

Maine State Law Protections

In addition to Portland's local ordinance, Maine state law provides:

  • 45 days' notice required before any rent increase
  • Rent can only be raised once every 12 months
  • Just cause eviction – landlords must have valid legal reasons to evict

Resources

Important: This article is a high-level overview and does not constitute legal advice. For specific questions, contact the appropriate city agency.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the rent cap in Portland, Maine?

Portland limits annual rent increases to 100% of the Consumer Price Index (CPI). If CPI is 3.8%, landlords can raise rent by up to 3.8%.

Which buildings are exempt from Portland rent control?

Buildings constructed after April 2020, owner-occupied buildings with 4 or fewer units, previously subsidized units, and hotels/inns/boarding houses are exempt.

What penalties exist for rent control violations in Portland?

The city can fine landlords $50 to $500 per violation. Tenants can also take legal action to recover excess rent paid.

Do I need to register my rental unit?

Yes, landlords must register their rental units with the city and certify compliance with the rent cap each year.

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